Ammonia (Be careful with this—adult supervision needed!)
Vinegar
Three clear plastic cups
Eyedroppers
Procedure
Prior to the activity, prepare cabbage juice by placing cabbage leaves (eight to ten leaves) in a pot of boiling water. Water should just cover the leaves. Let boil until the water is deep purple. Place five or so drops of cabbage juice in each of the three cups. Then, put ten drops or so of the lemon juice in one cup, ten drops of ammonia in the second cup, and ten drops of vinegar in the third cup. Also do the same with water. Compare the results.
Conclusion
Substances such as lemon juice and vinegar turn the cabbage juice red because they are acidic. Ammonia turns the cabbage juice into a blue/green color because it is a base, a material that tastes bitter and makes an acid neutral. Water does nothing, as it is a neutral.
One of the easiest science experiments for kids, all you need to start your own avocado tree is an avocado pit, a jar, some toothpicks, and water. With a little time and sunlight, your plant will sprout roots.
My procedure was putting different colored skittles in each of the liquids, and seeing how fast, and how long it took for the skittles to melt. For my results, the Mountain Dew was the fastest dissolver, with a time of 25 secs., Apple Cider Vinegar had 31 secs., Water had 36 secs., and Oil never dissolved.
An example experimental question is, "Will seeds soaked in sugar water sprout sooner than seeds soaked in plain water?" In this question, the independent variable is the type of water (sugar or plain), and the dependent variable is the time it takes for the seeds to sprout.
Gently pour 1/2 cup olive oil down the side of your jar.Mix 1/2 cup of rubbing alcohol with 2 drops of red food coloring.Carefully pour the red rubbing alcohol down the inside of your jar. Being careful not to disturb your liquids, set your jar down on the table and enjoy your rainbow!
Put 4 cups (1 L) of white vinegar into a saucepan. Then slowly add 3 tablespoons (60 mL) of baking soda, not letting the pot bubble over. Heat the saucepan on the stove and boil the solution. You want to remove most of the water from the mixture, until the solution is reduced to about 100 mL.
This experiment shows that water molecules are more active in warm water than in cold water and as they come in contact with the sugar in the skittles they cause it to dissolve faster.
"First, estimate the size of the jar," instructs Brujic. "Then look to see if all the candies are the same size. If they are, take 64 percent of that volume and divide it by the size of the candy to get the total number that would randomly fit inside.
Time how long does it take for Skittles to dissolve in water? After about two minutes in contact with water, Skittles lose its outer coating. After about 12 minutes, half of the Skittle have been dissolved, and after about 25 minutes of sitting in the water, all Skittles have completely dissolved.
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